Borderline Personality Disorder Insight and Awareness

What is borderline personality disorder?

Borderline personality disorder is a mental health condition that severely impacts a person’s ability to manage their emotions. This loss of emotional control, emotional dysregulation, can increase impulsivity, affect how a person feels about themselves, and negatively impact their relationships with others.

What are the signs and symptoms of BPD?

People with borderline personality disorder may experience intense mood swings and feel uncertainty about who they are. Their feelings for others can change quickly, and swing from extreme closeness to extreme dislike.

People with borderline personality disorder also tend to view things in extremes, such as all good or all bad. Their interests and values can change quickly, and they may act impulsively or recklessly.

In addition the American Psychiatric Association establishes the following nine criteria in their diagnositc and statistical manual for a diagnosis of BPD. (5 of the 9 symptoms must be present)

1. Fear of abandonment

2. Unstable or changing relationships

3. Unstable self-image; struggles with identity or sense of self

4. Impulsive or self-damaging behaviors, i.e., reckless driving, impulsive spending, promiscuous sex, binge eating.

5. Suicidal behavior or self-injury

6. Varied or random mood swings

7. Constant feelings of worthlessness or sadness

8. Problems with anger, including frequent loss of temper or physical fights

9. Stress-related paranoia or loss of contact with reality

The exact cause of BPD is not fully understood. However, research suggests that a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors may contribute to its development. Some potential factors include:

Genetic predisposition: Individuals with a family history of BPD are more likely to develop the disorder, indicating a genetic component. However, specific genes linked to BPD have not been identified yet.

Brain abnormalities: Studies using brain imaging techniques have shown differences in the structure and function of the brain in individuals with BPD, particularly in areas related to emotion regulation, impulse control, and interpersonal processing.

Environmental factors: Traumatic experiences such as childhood abuse, neglect, or unstable family environments may increase the risk of developing BPD. Other environmental factors, such as early loss or separation from caregivers, may also play a role.

Neurobiological factors: Dysregulation of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, which are involved in mood regulation and impulse control, may contribute to the symptoms of BPD.

It's important to note that while these factors may contribute to the development of BPD, not everyone with these risk factors will develop the disorder, and individuals without these risk factors may still develop BPD.

What causes Borderline personality disorder?